Method of making brushes



July 24, 1928. 1,677,920

C. R. HUBBARD I METHOD OF MAKING BRUSHES Filed June 11, 1927 Jam,

w, INVENTOR By Attorneys,

Patented July 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES" V v 1,677,920 j PATENT OFFICE.

CECIL R. HUBBARD, F NEWARK, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GARLOCK PACKINGCOMPANY, OF PALMYRA, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 01' NEW YOBK.'

METHOD OF MAKING BRUSHES.

Application filed June 11, 1027.. Serial No. 8,076.

This invention relates to improvements in methods of making brushes.Although adapted for general application, it is herem disclosed asapplied to methods of making heat-resistant brushes adapted for use incleaning tin from tinning rolls used in the process of coating metalplates with tin.

It is an object of the invention to simplify and reduce the manual laborinvolved in as- W sembling and securing the layers of material of whichbrushes of this character are made.

It is a further object of the invention to produce a brush therespective layers of which may be more uniformly assembled inregistration with each other and more firmly clamped together.

Another object of the invention is to produce a brush having an even andwell-de fined working surface which may be either at right angles to thelayers of material of which the brush is composed, or at any desireddegree'of inclination with respect to such layers.

It is a still further object of the invention to produce brushes inpairs which shall be duplicates or substantial duplicates of each otheras to form, size, material and construction.

In the accompanying drawings used as an aid in'disclosing the method ofmaking brushes in acordance with the invention:

Figure l is a conventional representation in end View of a pair ofsqueezing rolls such as are commonly used in plate-coating machines, oneof said rolls being indicated as partly broken away and the other ashaving a brush and brush-mounting means whereby the brush may be held inproper position to remove excess tin from the surface of the roll.

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar Views of corresponding parts of tinningmachines, the brushes being represented in different rela tive positionswith respect to the axis of the machine than that of the brushillustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a sheet of material folded into astructure having a plurality of superimposed layers and secured togetherin readiness to be severed lengthwise of the structure to form one ormore brushes. In this figure the plane of severance is indicated'asbeing perpendicular to the layers of the folded structure.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of one of a pair of brushes which may beproduced by sever ng the folded structure, illustrated in F1g. 4,intermediate its folded margins.

F 1g. 6 is a view in cross-section through a folded strip of materialsimilar to that lllustrated in Fig. 4, the strip being indicated asbeing severed along a plane disposed at a somewhat different angle withrespect to the component layers of the structure than that indicated inFig. 4.

Fig! 7 illustrates in cross-section two duplicate brushes which may beformed by severing the folded structure shown in Fig. 6.

In the coating of sheets of metal with tin, it is common practice topass the metal sheets into and out of a bath of molten tin, over whichis floated a bath of oil, and to provide within the oil bath, above thesurface of the molten tin, one or more pairs of squeezing rolls by meansof which the coated sheet is elevated from the bath and at the same timerelieved of excess tin as it is passed between the rolls. The excess tinwhich is transferred from the surface of the plate to the surfaces ofthe rolls is commonly removed by brushes provided with suitable mountingmeans by which they may be yieldingly held against the surface to becleaned.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, 20 represents one of a pairpf squeezing rollsof the abovedescribed character, 21 being a fragmentary portion of thecomplementary roll of the pair. 22 represents, in cross-section, a plateof metal indicated as being fed upwardly between said rolls as they arerotated in directions indicated by the arrows. It is a function of therolls 20, 21 to permit films 23, 24 of tin of uniform predeterminedthickness to pass beyond their lines of contact with the coated plate,the excess tin of the films 25, 26 being caused to fall or run back intothe bath.

In order to remove any excess tin which is carried by the surface of aroll beyond its line of contact with the coated plate, a film of whichis indicated at 27 in Fig. 1, a brush 28 is usually held in closecontact with the surface of the roll, by which the surface is wipedclean before it is again brought into contact with the coated plate. Aconventional representation of a mounting means for such a brush isillustrated in Fig. 1 as comprising a brush-holder 29 slidably mount--ed upon a guide-bar 30 projecting upwardly from a support 31 which maybe secured to any stationary part of the structure. The brush ma beclamped between a seat 32 in the ho der and a clamping plate 33 bysecuring means of any appropriate character, such as the bolt 34 and nut35, and the holder may be caused to hold the brush in yielding contactwith the surface of the roll by means of a suitable spring 86.

In Fig. 1 the brush is indicated as being mounted directly below theaxis of rotation of the roll,so that the working surface of the brush issubstantially perpendicular to the laminations 37 of which such brushesare usually built up.

In Fig. 2 the brush-holder 29 is so positioned as to maintain the brush28 in a position somewhat closer to the point of contact between theroll and the plate, the brush having a working surface disposed at aninclination to its laminations 37 In Fig. 3 the brush holder 29" is sopositioned as to maintain the brush 28" at a somewhat greater distancefrom its line of contact with the plate, the working surface of thebrush being appropriately inclined with respect to its laminations 37 tomake snu contact with the surface of the roll.

Tinning machines employing pairs of squeezing rolls having brushes heldin contact with their surfaces to remove excess tin are well known inthe art and constitute no part of the invention herein sought to beprotected, which relates to brushes which, if made of appropriatematerial, are adapted for use in the cleaning of tinning rolls, and to amethod whereby such brushes may be constructed.

In its broadest aspect the method of making brushes in accordance withthis invention consists in folding a strip of material, or a pluralityof said strips, into a structure comprising a plurality of superimposedlayers, said structure having folds along two margins, and, after firmlysecuring the layers together, severing the folded structure between saidfolded margins to produce one or more brushes in which the severed edgesof the material all lie in a substantially plane surface. The buildingup of the laminated structure, from which the brush is to be made, byfolding a single strip of material to produce the laminated structureand in securm the layers together before the cut is made w ich producesthe working surface of the brush, requires much less manual labor thanis involved when brushes are made by superimposing separate strips ofmaterial cut to sizes intended for use in the finished brush. Thesecurin of the layers may be more readily eifecte if the laminatedstructure is made by folding a single piece of material. the workingsurface formed by cutor more sheets ofmaterial may be used to build upthe folded structures when re uired by the size or form of brush to bepro uced.

- One method of constructing a brush in accordance with the inventionwill be described with the aid of Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawin s. A sheetof any suitable material,

perfera ly asbestos fabric is folded into a structure comprising aplurality of closed accordion plaits, each plait comprising a foldedmarginal ortion 38 and intermediate layers 39. The olded material isthen firm- 1y secured together in any appropriate 1 manner, suchsecuring means being hereln indicated as rows of stitching 40 preferablydisposed in parallel relation with the folded margins of the plaits. Thefolded and stitched structure may then be severed intermediate thefolded margins to roduce one or more finished brushes, a suita 1eplane'of severance 'for such purpose being indicated in broken lines at41, Fig. 4. If but one brush is to be constructed from each foldedstructure, this plane of severance may be relatively close to one of thefolded margins of'the structure. Preferably a single folded structurewill be made of sufficient size to be cut into at least two brushes. Asindicated in Fig. 4, the plane of severance is shown as being midwaybetween the folded margins and perpendicular to the planes separatingthe layers of material. The severing of the structure along a plane ofseverance such as that indicatedin Fig. 4 results in two brushes ofequal size, form, material, and structure. One such brush 28, asindicated in Fig. 5, is adapted for use in a relative position withrespect to the tinning roll illustrated in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 6 a folded structure, similar to i that indicated in Fig. 4, isrepresented as having been severed along a plane of severance 42 at aslight inclination to the planes separating the layers of the structure,thereby resultmg in two brushes 28', 28", either of which is adapted foruse in a position relative to a tinning roll indicated either in Fig. 2or in Fig. 3.

It will be apparent that brushes of the above described character can bemade of any appropriate material. When used as cleaning brushes fortinning rolls, they should be of heat-resistant material such asasbestos fabric. material should referably be folded on the bias asindicated by diagonal lines in Figs. 4: and 5.

Although parallel lines of stitching have been shown as the preferredmeans of securing the layers of the folded structure together, it willbe obvious that the stitching need not necessarily run in parallellines, and that staples or other appropriate fastening means mi ht beused instead of stitching.

When it is desired to make two like brushes from each folded structure,fastening elements will be located along the folded margins at suitabledistances therefrom and between the margins and the longitudinal centerline of the structure. Preferably this stitching will be located ata'material. distance from the plane of severance in order that amplematerial may be allowed to. ro-

- vide for a wearing away of the 'wor ing surface of the brush withoutbringing. the fastening elements into contact with the surface agamstwhich the brush is used.

The invention is not intended to be limited to the specific manner of.ractieing the method herein selected for purposes of illustration, butshould be regardedas covering modifications and variations thereofwithin the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

i l. The method of making brushes, whic consists in folding sheetmaterial into a structure having a plurality of superimposedlayers andhavmg folds along two margins,

When made of fabric, the

layers andhaving folds along two margins, stitching the layers together,and severing the structure intermediate it folded mar 'ns. '4. Themethod of making brushes, w 'ch consists in folding sheet material intoa structure comprising a pluralit of closed accordion plaits, securingthe plalts together, and severing the plaited structure intermediate themar inal folds. 5. The met 0d of making brushes, which consists infolding sheet fabric into a structure comprising a plurality of closedaccordion plaits, the fa ric being folded on the bias, securing theplaits together, and severing the plaited structure intermediate themarginal folds. v

6. The method of making brushes, which consists in folding sheetmaterial into a structure comprising a plurality of closed accordionplaits, stitching said plaits together, and severing the plaited andstitched structure intermediate the folded margins.-

7 The method of making brushes, which consists in folding sheet materialintoa structure having a plurality of superimposed layers and havingfolds along two margins,

securing said layers to ether, and severin the structure mldway etweensaid folde mar 'ns to produce a pair of duplicate brus es.

8. The method of making brushes, which consists in folding sheetmaterial into a structure comprising a pluralit of closed accordionplaits, securing the plalts together, and severing the structure midwaybetween its folded margins to produce a pair of duplicate brushes.

9. The method of makin heat-resistance brushes which consists in oldingsheet asbestos fabric into a structure comprising a plurality of closedaccordion plaits, stitchin said plaits together lengthwise of the foldestructure between its longitudinal center line and its folded margins,and severing the structure 'midwa between said margins to produce a pairo duplicate brushes.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

\ CECIL R. HUBBARD.

